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MADEIRA.CVH
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1985-11-20
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The Madeira Islands, a volcanic archipelago in the Atlantic
Ocean 645 km (400 mi) west of Morocco, constitute the Madeira
Autonomous Region of !PORTUGAL!Portugal~. They comprise the inhabited
islands of Madeira and Porto Santo and the uninhabited Desertas
and Selvagens, having a total land area of 798 sq km (308 sq
mi) and a population of 273,200 (1989 est.). !FUNCHAL!Funchal~, the
capital and largest town, is on Madeira.
Madeira, the largest and most important island, is mountainous
with a subtropical climate. Sugarcane and tropical fruits are
grown. The island is famous for its wine and for the
embroidery and wickerwork produced; it is also a popular
resort. On Porto Santo Island, northeast of Madeira, wheat,
barley, and grapes are cultivated.
Explored by Phoenicians and Genoese, the islands were colonized
in 1420 by Portuguese sponsored by Prince Henry the Navigator.